Gabriella Jenei: Referential Cohesion in Academic Writing • A descriptive and exploratory theory- and corpus-based study of the text-organizing role of reference in written academic discourse
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5. STAGE 1: HALLIDAY AND HASAN’S COHESION ANALYSIS: THE STARTING POINT
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5.6. Results and discussion
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5.6.3. Analytical problems concerning the types of reference
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5.6.3.5. Other errors

5.6.3.5. Other errors

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

As cohesion is largely dependent on reader interpretation and the amount of effort put into the interpretation process, some mistakes are inevitable. In many cases, the depth of our understanding of the text changes from the first reading to the second reading, and as a result, our accuracy in noticing cohesive items may change.

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

One such example is the following:

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

s. 4. More recently, TSA has distinguished between higher and lower rated ESL essays, but with different results from those found with native speakers of English (Connor & Schneider, 1988).
s. 5. The present study replicated the previous ESL study of two groups of essays written for the TOEFL Test of Written English with three groups of essays.
(Abstract 1)
 

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

The definite article in bold in the second sentence was identified as referring to the study described in the previous sentence only in one analysis. It is also ambiguous (between being referential and exophoric) and is easily overlooked, as the definite article may also be necessary for grammatical reasons (because of the possessive construction).

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

Another source of ambiguity is that one item may point to various directions at the same time. A typical example from our data is the results (3 instances in the Abstracts) which points both anaphorically to the summarized data in the abstract, and the results detailed in the article.
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