Kováts Bence: The Financialisation of Housing and Housing-related Family Support in Hungary
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5. Hypotheses, data and methods
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5.1. Hypotheses
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5.1.3. Determinants of parental support in housing access

5.1.3. Determinants of parental support in housing access

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The Hungarian housing literature suggests that during state socialism, reliance on the help of the family in housing access was determined primarily by class and place of residence. People in lower classes living in rural areas had to rely more on the support from their parents as they were disfavoured by the public housing allocation system (Hegedüs, 1992; Hegedüs and Tosics, 1992b; Gagyi et al., 2019). Furthermore, housing-related family support in rural areas was widespread because of its stronger tradition there.

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On the one hand, the regime change is expected to have increased the importance of the socio-economic status of parents. On the other hand, due to the assumed weakening of the impact of rural tradition, differences among settlement types are expected to have evened out.

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H3: Socio-economic status of parents has had a larger effect on parental support over time while the significance of place of residence has declined.

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Based on the data presented by Farkas and Székely (2001, p. 33), the provision of construction support is argued to have characterised mostly parents in rural residence, while class does not seem to have an effect.

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H3a: Parental labour support in housing construction is primarily determined by the rural residence of parents.

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International case studies suggest that intergenerational co-residence is positively affected by parents’ home ownership status and dwelling size, while the effect of parents’ income and wealth, and the number of siblings of the child are negative (Albertini and Kohli, 2013; Isengard, König and Szydlik, 2018). Earlier evidence from Hungary suggests the same relationship is expected to be present, but the type of settlement of residence also has a modest effect on intergenerational co-residence. Urban residence positively affecting intergenerational co-residence in the past is expected to have a negative effect today based on Székely’s (2002, p. 121) data.

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H3b: Intergenerational co-residence is positively affected by parents’ home ownership and rural residence, while parental income, and household or dwelling size have a negative effect.

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The provision of financial support was found to be heavily dependent on parents’ socio-economic status in case studies focusing on high-income countries. However, the Czech case study of Lux, Sunega and Kážmér (2021) indicates that in former state-socialist home-ownership dominated countries the provision of financial support (or a dwelling) to the child is the norm, therefore the influence of parents’ socio-economic status is questionable. In the current inquiry, parental socio-economic status is hypothesised to have a significant positive effect.

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

H3c: Financial support is positively influenced by parents’ socio-economic status.
 
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