Kováts Bence: The Financialisation of Housing and Housing-related Family Support in Hungary
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6. Trends and determinants of parental support after the regime change
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6.2. Parental microdeterminants
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6.2.3. Types of parental support
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6.1.3.2. Temporary accommodation

6.1.3.2. Temporary accommodation

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

Based on data from the 2003 survey, the provision of temporary accommodation was most positively affected by low occupation status. Residence in large provincial towns, municipal rental tenure, household size and the provision of support during the millennium housing boom all had a positive effect, while the age proxy had a negative impact. By 2015, the effect of class weakened, while that of rural residence strengthened and turned into the opposite, the impact of municipal rental tenure strengthened and the influence of other factors diminished. Still, pseudo-R2 increased, suggesting the model could explain a larger part of the variation in the model.

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

Results testify to the existence of two interesting relationships between the provision of temporary accommodation in the past and socio-economic characteristics of the parent household. First, as reported in Section 3.2, EU data indicated intergenerational co-residence is provided to young adults in case conditions, such as the size of the dwelling or parental home ownership, allow it (Albertini and Kohli, 2013; Isengard, König and Szydlik, 2018). The positive correlation with the number of people in the household and the positive effect of municipal tenancy in 2003 suggest that in Hungary there is an opposite trend. By 2015, however, the importance of conditions of co-residence may have become more important as the effect of household size was at least not positive on co-residence.

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

One reason behind differences of the Hungarian case study from European ones dominated by NWE countries can be what Albertini and Kohli (2013) mentioned in their explanation of the difference between NWE and SE countries (see Section 3.2). In Hungary, similarly to SE, there are less alternative options for young adults with a disadvantaged socio-economic background to the prolonged stay in the parental home. The tiny share of social housing, insecure and expensive private renting compared to salaries (Kováts, 2017) do not represent an alternative. Significance of some variables denoting conditions of intergenerational co-residence in the analysis of 2003 data testifies to the availability of more alternative housing options in that period.

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

Another reason for the difference of the results of the analysis of Hungarian data from earlier international studies could be that temporary co-residence recorded by HCSO is more of an emergency support that characterises lower-class families, and if all Hungarian parents living with their adult children were examined by the surveys, differences would not be as significant.

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

Second, the fact that temporary accommodation of adult children coincided with residence in Budapest in 2015 and that the effect of provincial residence became negative suggests that temporary accommodation of children, after the GFC, became more induced by high real estate prices that are characteristic of Budapest rather than provincial settlements experiencing a decline. Therefore, the formerly positive impact of residence in Budapest, having turned negative after the regime change described in Section 4.2.2, turned positive once again. This indicates that though housing privatisation provided a temporary relief to many young adults living with their parents after the regime change in the capital, it remained a popular alternative to living independently in the unaffordable capital.

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

The phenomenon that the provision of support during the millennium housing boom had a positive effect on the provision of temporary accommodation confirms the recognition outlined in Section 6.1.2 that housing price appreciation during housing booms drives young adults back to the parental home.

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

Supposing determinants of intergenerational co-residence and the provision of temporary co-residence in the past are the same, H3b is partly confirmed. High class has a negative effect on the provision of temporary accommodation. The assumed positive effect of conditions of co-residence, however, does not seem to be confirmed as household size and municipal tenancy had a positive effect in 2003 on co-residence. Nevertheless, the difference between the category measured by the HCSO survey and international analyses suggest conclusions should be drawn carefully.
 
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