Viktor Bérces: Evidence in Criminal Proceedings
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Chapter IX. Evidence in the preparatory and investigative stages
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9.4. Investigation I: The detection phase

9.4. Investigation I: The detection phase

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

Detection is a chain of investigative actions to establish the identity and whereabouts of the unknown perpetrator, while investigation is a procedure to establish the characteristics of the known offence or the personal circumstances of the known perpetrator. According to some, “investigation is a cognitive activity carried out in order to create and prepare the conditions for […] evidence; the collection, sorting, interpretation and evaluation of data as to where and what kind of evidence is possible and how it can be accessed.”1

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

The investigation phase may be launched on the basis of a complaint or on the basis of information obtained by an official authority (e.g. as a result of the preparatory procedure). The investigation is ordered by the public prosecutor’s office or the investigating authority, which is obliged to inform the victim of the fact if his or her identity and contact details are known.2

9.4.1. Handling of denunciations

9.4.2. The hearing of witnesses

9.4.3. Specificities of expert evidence. Private experts and expert advisers

9.4.4. Evidentiary acts during detection I: inspection

9.4.5. Evidentiary acts in the course of detection II: the attempt to prove

9.4.6. Evidentiary acts during detection III: presentation for identification

9.4.7. Data collection methods: open and covert instruments

9.4.8. The central procedural act of detection: the interrogation of suspects as the “scene” of incrimination

9.4.9. Closing the detection

1 Bócz–Lakatos (2009) ibid. 45.
2 If the investigation is ordered by the investigating authority, it shall inform the public prosecutor’s office within 24 hours of the fact of the investigation. §375 (1)–(3).
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