Viktor Bérces: Evidence in Criminal Proceedings
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Chapter IX. Evidence in the preparatory and investigative stages
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9.6. Special forms of investigation
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9.6.1. Investigation in the renewal of a lawsuit

9.6.1. Investigation in the renewal of a lawsuit

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

A retrial is primarily an extraordinary remedy procedure to correct factual issues, which may also raise issues concerning the evidence taken in the main proceedings. In order to decide on the admissibility of a retrial or to substantiate the proceedings, it is necessary in certain cases to order a retrial investigation to verify the evidence identified in the retrial motion and to explore further evidentiary possibilities arising from it.

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

  1. A retrial investigation is ordered by the prosecutor’s office if it deems it necessary to clarify the prerequisites of the proceedings and to obtain new evidence before sending the retrial motion.1 In such a case, the general rules of investigation shall apply.
  2. A retrial investigation is ordered by the court if the search for evidence is necessary to decide on the admissibility of the retrial.2 In this case, the general rules governing the investigation shall apply with the following exceptions:
    • the court sends the investigation order and the case file to the general investigating authority;
    • the court exercises the powers relating to the conduct of the investigation provided for in the CPC (e.g. it may order the investigating authority to carry out procedural acts, to report);
    • the time limit for the retrial investigation is two months, which may be extended twice by the court, each time for a maximum of two months;
    • the general investigating authority returns the case file to the court after the retrial investigation has been completed.
 

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

As a general rule, no arrest, compulsory pre-trial medical treatment or criminal supervision may be ordered in a retrial investigation. Disguised means may be used according to the general rules, except (1) if the retrial investigation is ordered by a court, the court may not order the general investigative authority to use disguised means subject to judicial authorisation; (2) if in the main investigation a warrant-based nstrument has already been used against the person concerned in the course of the investigation and the warrant-based nstrument is again authorised in the course of the retrial investigation, the periods of use of the warrant-based instruments shall be added together and the maximum period of 360 days shall be calculated accordingly.3

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

I would note that a retrial investigation usually involves a much narrower scope of investigative (evidentiary) activity, since evidence that is not necessary to be rediscovered has already been clearly known in the original case. Therefore, despite the new evidence identified in the request for a retrial, the authorities are not starting from scratch, their previous activity in the case can be seen as a benchmark that helps the process of correcting the facts.
1 § 642 (6) para.
2 In doing so, the court may even conclude that the said ground for the renewal of the proceedings does not exist, and that the application is therefore unfounded. [§ 643 (8) para.]
3 § 641 (1)–(4) para.
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