Anita Boros, Gyula Koi (eds): Sustainability and Law
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1.The conceptual framework of sustainability (Anita Boros)
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1.2. The three pillars of sustainability
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1.2.3. Social sustainability

1.2.3. Social sustainability

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Some authors consider social sustainability to be a less developed dimension of sustainability,1so its appearance can be dated somewhat later than that of the other two segments according to some authors. The question of sustainable development from the perspective of social dimensions has only been taken into account since the 1990s.2

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Social sustainability focuses on meeting human well-being and human needs and improving the quality of life3 and emphasises social equity and justice, security, adaptability, social inclusion and improving the quality of life. These dimensions guide the effective management of social capital,4 but this requires the appropriate design of social processes and structures.5 In this regard, several authors have examined some elements of sustainability. Sachs suggested bringing to the fore many issues that had not been discussed in depth before, such as social homogeneity, fair incomes and access to goods, services and employment, or political sustainability.6 Barbier and Vallance rather underline the preservation of social values, cultural traditions and lifestyles.7

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Today, social sustainability is defined as livability, social justice, social responsibility, political, civil, cultural and economic human rights, health equity, education equity, labour rights and other social rights, social capital, social exclusion and it is analysed in relation to basic social needs, taking into account intergenerational justice.8 However, most authors agree that the concept of social sustainability is difficult to define and its effectiveness and impact are more difficult to measure than in the case of the economic and ecological pillars.9
 
1 Littig, B., Griessler, E. (2005). ‘Social sustainability: the catchword between political pragmatism and social theory.’ International journal of sustainability development, 8 (1-2), 65-79. DOI: 10.1504/IJSD.2005.007375; Cuthill, M. (2010). ‘Strengthening the ' social' in sustainable development: Developing a conceptual framework for social sustainability in a rapid urban growth region in Australia.’ Sustainable development, 18(6) 362-373. DOI: 10.1002/sd.397
2 Colantonio, A., Dixon, T.J. (2011). Urban regeneration & social sustainability: Best practice from European cities. In: Colantonio, A., Dixon, T.J. (eds.), Urban Regeneration & Social Sustainability (Oxford:Wiley-Blackwell). 317. ISBN 978-1-4051-9419-8.
3 Colantonio, A. (2009). Social sustainability: a review and critique of tradition versus emerging themes and assessment methods. In: Horner, M., Price, A., Bebbington, J., Emmanuel, R. (eds.), Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Whole Life Urban Sustainability and its Assessment (Dundee:SUE MoT). 865-885. ISBN 9780947974
4 Ly, A. M., Cope, M. R. (2023). ‘New Conceptual Model of Social Sustainability: Review from Past Concepts and Ideas.’ International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(7) 5350. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075350
5 Jabareen, Y. R. (2006). ‘Sustainable urban forms: Their typologies, models, and concepts.’ Journal of planning education and research, 26(1) 38-52. DOI: 10.1177/0739456X05285119
6Sachs, I. (1999). ‘Social sustainability and whole development: exploring the dimensions of sustainable development.’ In: Becker, E. - Jahn, T. (eds.), Sustainability and the social sciences: a cross-disciplinary approach to integrating environmental considerations into theoretical reorientation. (London:Zed Books). 25-36. ISBN 1856497089 ISBN 1856497097
7 Barbier, E. B. (1987). ‘The Concept of Sustainable Economic Development,’Environmental Conservation, 14(2) 101-110.; Vallance, S., Perkins, H. C., Dixon, J. E. (2011). ‘What is social sustainability? A clarification of concepts.’ Geoforum, 42(3) 342-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2011.01.002
8 Ekardt, F. (2024): ‘Ethics and Law of Sustainability - Especially of Freedom, Human Rights, Democracy, and Balancing in a Reinterpreted Perspective’ In: Ekardt, F., Sustainability. Transformation, Governance, Ethics, Law (Cham:Springer). 113-230. ISBN 978-3-031-62713-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-62711-8 
9 Torkayesh, A. E., Ecer, F., Pamucar, D., Karamaşa, C. (2021). ‘Comparative assessment of social sustainability performance: Integrated data-driven weighting system and CoCoSo model.’ Sustainable Cities and Society, 71(8) 102975. DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2021.102975
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