The state and public policy both support the creation of new economic and political institutions capable of integrating the key inputs, stakeholders and incentive structures necessary for sustainability. In addition, it is also worth noting that the sustainability role of states is very complex: in addition to meeting sustainability expectations and regulations, states must also ensure economic growth and stability,1 the performance of public tasks and the operation of the state. Theoretical and constitutional analyses underline the need for an active state role in the implementation of sustainable development goals. This active role can be implemented by the state in several ways: a) The current global instability, characterised by economic and socio-political crises, emphasises the need for new approaches to sustainable development, which can reconcile uneven growth and income distribution with sustainability2 expectations. The role of the state in sustainable markets includes mechanisms such as the creation of various incentives, discounts or support policy measures, which are essential for achieving a balance between economic decisions and environmental and social policies; 3 b) States are key to environmental governance as they create legal and regulatory frameworks and institutions to address environmental challenges,4 which also presupposes more comprehensive policy-making and implementation strategies; c) The state cannot handle most sustainability challenges independently, therefore it creates cooperation networks with all actors of the sustainability value chains; d) Thanks to the constantly expanding system of sustainability rules, increased state control and a more active role of the law enforcement organisational system are necessary;5 e) The attitude-shaping function of the state should also be highlighted, especially through the educational institution system. In doing so, the state plays a significant role in raising the awareness of future generations and promoting sustainable practices; f) The role of the state in sustainability research cannot be dispensed with either, which can be a source of sharing sustainability knowledge at the national level. g) In summary, the state is essential in promoting sustainability transitions, managing obstacles, managing sustainable development through legal, economic and social policies,6 institutional reforms that promote development-oriented norms, economic growth and the reduction of inequalities,7 state and private sector cooperation, as well as ensuring long-term socio-ecological well-being.8