4. Constitutional and legal relations to sustainability: terms, environmental constitution(alism), constitutional environment (László Vértesy)

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This chapter explores the intersection of constitutional law and environmental protection,1 focusing on conceptual terminology, the emergence of environmental constitutionalism, and the idea of a constitutional environment that embeds ecological integrity as a foundational legal value. Understanding the constitutional dimensions of sustainability requires conceptual clarity. A key way to think about constitutionalism is in terms of the rule of law, separation of powers, and civil rights. When applied in an environmental context, it invites a reinterpretation of state powers and duties in the light of ecological imperatives. The importance here is ‘environmental rights’, which refer to legal rights of access to a healthy, clean and sustainable environment. Environmental rights may be substantive (e.g., right to clean air and drinking water) or procedural (e.g., right to access environmental information and to participate in environmental governance processes, legislation, and drafting2). The notion of ecological integrity has to do with ecosystems as wholes; their functioning as a totality; their ability to self-renewal.
 
1 Sánchez Barrilao, J. F. (2022). European Constitutional Law and Environmental Protection. [Entry]. In: Cremades, J., Hermida del Llano, C. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Contemporary Constitutionalism (Cham: Springer International Publishing) 1-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31739-7 e-Book ISBN: 978-3-319-31739-7; Jakab, A. (2016). Fenntarthatóság az európai alkotmányjogban. [Sustainability in European Constitutional Law]. Közjogi Szemle [Public Law Quarterly], 3(7), 1-17.; Fodor, L. (2016). Der verfassungsrechtliche Rahmen für den Schutz der Umwelt im neuen ungarischen Grundgesetz. In: Knopp, L., Wolff, H.A. (Hrsg.), Umwelt – Hochschule – Staat, Festschrift für Franz-Joseph Peine zum 70. Geburtstag. (Berlin:Duncker und Humblot) 69-84. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv1q698vv.9 (accessed: 29 October 2024).; Fodor, L. (2006). Környezetvédelem az alkotmányban. [Environmental protection in the Constitution]. (Debrecen:Debrecen University Press) 205. ISBN no.
2 Vértesy, L. (2016). ‘The public participation in the drafting of legislation in Hungary.’ Mednarodja Revija za Javno Upravo/Int'l Pub. Admin. Rev.14(4), 115-135.
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