3.1. Participants

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Having obtained a statement of acceptance from the secondary grammar school and handed out information leaflet, sixty-five participants from Zrínyi Miklós Gimnázium in Zalaegerszeg (Hungary) were recruited to participate in the research, all of them giving their, and in case of students under age their parents’ preliminary written statement of consent. The sample at the piloting stage was confined to thirteen secondary school students of the aforementioned educational facility. The reason for the inclusion of a smaller number of students was, apart from detecting anomalies in the design of the experiment at the piloting stage, the measurement of school leavers that will not attend the secondary school next as of next school year starting in September 2022. The mean age of the sample was 18.5 years (range 17–20). As stated in school documents, participants were healthy individuals without any speech and reading disorders (e.g. dyslexia) or hearing impairment.

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

Key criterion for each participant was to use Hungarian as his/her L1. All students studied an aspirated language as L2 (n = 13) but their L3 choice was divided between an aspirated (n = 11) and a true-voice language (n = 2). Participants were allowed to choose German or English as compulsory L2 in their schools and opt for German, English (in each year) and French or Italian (each in every second year) as L3. Due to the limited preference Italian was left out from the current study.
 
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