3.2.1. Questionnaire

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The profile questionnaire based on Li et al.’s language history questionnaire (2006) and Bunta’s language background questionnaire (2012) was set up in L1 and consisted of questions relating to personal socioeconomic status (SES), L2 and L3. All personal data were to be given anonymously however a number in ascending order starting with 1 was added to each questionnaire so that they can be matched with the respective recordings. Personal questions affected age, gender (binary choice), L1 (if not Hungarian) and country of origin (if not Hungary). Additional subquestions followed such as their parents’ L1 (if not Hungarian), country of origin (if not Hungary) and highest level of education (primary school, secondary school without matura exam but with a trade certificate, secondary school with matura exam, university/college).

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Questions concerning L2 and L3 were identical but listed in visually well distinguishable sections as follows: giving the particular language officially learnt (as L2 and L3, respectively), starting age of language learning, self-assessment of one’s own language knowledge in all four skills (using a Likert scale ranging from ‘very poor’ to ‘nativelike’), self-assessment of one’s own foreign accent (using a Likert scale ranging from ‘no accent’ to ‘very strong accent’) (Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5), attitude towards the given foreign language (using a Likert scale ranging from ‘I hate it’ to ‘I like it very much’) (Figure 6), weekly frequency of classes at school, weekly frequency of private lessons, duration of taking private lessons, time spent yearly in a foreign country related to the language given, frequency of communication with native speakers related to the language given and time of activity spent in the given language (regarding listening to radio/watching TV, reading unrelated to studying, reading related to studying, reading on the internet and writing online texts) (Figure 7 and Figure 8). The final part of the questionnaire attempts to elicit if participants mix their languages and if so in what frequency.
 
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