3. General issues of high vs. low languages

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Language is a complex and multifaceted aspect of human communication and social interaction, and it is shaped by a variety of factors, including power, class, and cultural background. One of the most fundamental aspects of language is the distinction between what is known as “high” and “low” language, which reflects the social and cultural hierarchies that exist within a given society.

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High and low languages are typically defined as variations of a given language that reflect differences in social status, education, and cultural background. High language is typically associated with formal, written forms of language, and is used in situations such as education, politics, and the media. Low language, on the other hand, is often seen as a more informal, spoken form of language, and is used in everyday conversation and casual interactions. The differentiation between high and low languages is largely driven by social and cultural factors, including power and class. For example, in societies where a particular language is associated with a higher social status, those who use that language are often seen as more educated, intelligent, and culturally sophisticated, while those who use lower forms of language are seen as less educated, less intelligent, and less culturally sophisticated. This can have a significant impact on individuals, shaping their linguistic and communicative behaviour, and influencing their social and cultural opportunities and experiences.

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The issue of high and low languages is particularly relevant in multilingual and multicultural societies, where different languages are used by different social and cultural groups, and where linguistic and cultural identities are often closely linked. In these societies, language can play a critical role in shaping social and cultural relationships and can contribute to the maintenance or strengthening of cultural and social divides.
 

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Despite the complex and multifaceted nature of the issue of high and low languages, there are a number of strategies that can be used to address and mitigate its impact. These include promoting multilingual education, supporting linguistic diversity and multilingualism, and encouraging the development of inclusive and equitable language policies that respect and value the linguistic and cultural heritage of all individuals and communities. By understanding the factors that contribute to the differentiation between high and low languages, and by supporting efforts to promote linguistic diversity and inclusivity, we can help to mitigate the impact of these linguistic and cultural divides and ensure that all individuals have equal opportunities and experiences, regardless of their linguistic and cultural background.
 
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