Songul Dogan Ger: Developing Students’ Cultural Diversity Awareness and Intercultural Communicative Competence in English Classes
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2 Theoretical and Empirical Background
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2.1 Key Terms and Definitions
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2.1.5 Multiculturalism

2.1.5 Multiculturalism

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The term “multiculturalism” is used throughout the monograph in relation to cultural diversity and interculturalism, thus a definition is required. Despite their similarity, the words “multiculturalism” and “interculturalism” differ in both semantic meaning and usage in the literature, as Arasaratnam (2013) has highlighted. According to her, multiculturalism refers to cultural plurality, while interculturalism refers to interaction among cultures.

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According to van de Vijver and his colleagues (2008), multiculturalism as an ideology “refers to the acceptance of different cultures in a society and also to the active support of these culture differences by both the majority members and minority group members” (p. 534). Similarly, Dolce (1973) describes multiculturalism as “a reflection of a value system which emphasizes acceptance of behavioral differences deriving from differing cultural systems and an active support of the right of such differences to exist” (p. 283). In The White Paper on Intercultural Dialogue (2008), the term is referred to as denoting the empirical fact that different cultures exist and may interact with one another within a given social context. In light of the definitions highlighted above, multiculturalism can be said to involve acceptance of and support for the existence of cultural diversity and interaction among cultures. In the present research, the term is used to refer to a culturally plural society in which cultural differences are recognized, acknowledged, respected, and valued by individuals.
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