Mária Bakti: The development of interpreting competence
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10 Disfluencies in the consecutively interpreted Hungarian target language texts of the interpreter trainees
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10.4 Results
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10.4.1 ETDs in the consecutively interpreted target language texts

10.4.1 ETDs in the consecutively interpreted target language texts

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

First, the frequency of incidence of ETDs (excluding restarts and repetitions) is given for each semester (Table 10.3). As students progress in their training, the frequency of occurrence of ETDs first increased, then dropped back to the level seen at the end of the second semester. Other studies have shown that the ETDs for 100 words of the TL text in SI were between 2.8 and 6.2 for trainee interpreters (Bakti, 2013), which might signal that CI is less cognitively demanding than SI. The averages, however, hide considerable individual differences.
 

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

Table 10.3 Frequency of incidence of ETDs in the consecutively interpreted Hungarian target language texts of the interpreter trainees
 
Semester 2
Semester 3
Semester 4
ETDs/100 words
1.88
2.16
1.89
Maximum
2.81 (Luna)
2.71 (Luna)
2.40 (Senorita)
Minimum
0.7 (Senorita)
1.36 (Senorita)
1.31 (Estrella)
 

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

A comparison with the extemporaneous and spontaneous speech of the interpreter trainees shows that the frequency of incidence of ETDs is lowest during extemporaneous speech production, followed by spontaneous speech production, and the highest during consecutive interpreting (Table 10.4). This suggests that the extemporaneous condition required the lowest amount of cognitive load for speech production.

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

Table 10.4 Frequency of incidence of ETDs in the consecutively interpreted Hungarian target language texts and in the spontaneous and extemporaneous speech of the interpreter trainees
 
Semester 2
Semester 3
Semester 4
Extemporaneous
Spontaneous
ETDs/100 words
1.88
2.16
1.89
0.67
0.72
Maximum
2.81 (Luna)
2.71 (Luna)
2.40 (Senorita)
1.4 (Senorita)
1.11 (Luna)
Minimum
0.7 (Senorita)
1.36 (Senorita)
1.31 (Estrella)
0 (Estrella, Luna)
0 (Matador)
 

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

These averages, however, hide considerable individual differences, as can be seen in the maximum and minimum values. For a more detailed picture of how each interpreter trainee has performed, Table 10.5 offers an overview of the individual data.
 

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

Table 10.5 Frequency of occurrence of ETDs in the consecutively interpreted target language texts, together with those in the spontaneous and extemporaneous speech of the students
Student
Semester 2
Semester 3
Semester 4
Extemporaneous
Spontaneous
Esterella
2.01
2.48
1.31
0
0.69
Luna
2.81
2.71
2.29
0
1.11
Matador
2.05
2.08
1.64
1
0
Senorita
0.7
1.37
2.4
1.4
1.01
Note: Individual data.
 

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

There are no clear observable trends in the case of the individual ETD frequency of occurrence values. This might be due to several factors, including the small sample size or the effect of background variables. In the case of Luna, the frequency of incidence of ETDs decreased as she progressed in her training, while in the case of Senorita, the trend is exactly the opposite, the frequency of incidence of ETDs increased as she progressed in her training. An individual comparison between consecutively interpreted texts and spontaneous and extemporaneous texts is also difficult, as in many cases there were no ETDs in the extemporaneous or spontaneous output of the interpreter trainees.
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