Mária Bakti: The development of interpreting competence
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12 Explicitation shifts in the consecutively interpreted Hungarian target language texts of the interpreter trainees
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12.5 Results
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12.5.3 Individual differences

12.5.3 Individual differences

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The combined data, however, hide considerable individual differences.

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In the target language texts of Estrella, adding modifiers and quantifiers was the most frequent explicitation shift in semester two, to be replaced by adding connectives in semesters three and four. Replacing nominalizations with verb phrases ranked second all through her training. In the TL text recorded after semester two, reiterating lexical items ranked third, while in the target language text recorded after semester three meaning specification and distributing the meaning of one SL unit over many TL units ranked second and third. In the recordings made after semester four, inserting discourse-organizing items replaced distributing the meaning of one SL unit over many TL units. See Table 12.5.
 

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Table 12.5 Explicitation shifts in the target language texts of Estrella
 
Semester 2
Semester 3
Semester 4
1
adding modifiers and quantifiers 21.8%
adding connectives 58.3%
adding connectives 39.02%
2
replacing nominalizations with verb phrases 16.4%
replacing nominalizations with verb phrases 8.3%
meaning specification 8.3%
distributing the meaning of one unit over many TL units 8.3%
replacing nominalizations with verb phrases 12.2%
meaning specification 12.2%
inserting discourse-organizing items 12.2 %
3
reiterating lexical items 10.9%
 

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

In the target language texts of interpreter trainee Luna, adding connectives was the most frequently used explicitation operation all through her training. In the TL texts recorded after semester two, replacing nominalizations with verb phrases ranked second, followed by additional explanatory remarks. In the recording made after semester three, adding modifiers and quantifiers ranked second, followed by lexical specification, distributing the meaning of one SL unit to many TL units, additional explanatory remarks and inserting discourse-organizing items. In the target language text recorded after semester four, lexical specification ranked second, followed by adding modifiers and quantifiers. See Table 12.6.
 

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Table 12.6 Explicitation shifts in the target language texts of Luna
 
Semester 2
Semester 3
Semester 4
1
adding connectives 43.75%
adding connectives 33.3%
adding connectives 40%
2
replacing nominalizations with verb phrases 21.8%
adding modifiers and quantifiers 19.05%
lexical specification 14.3%
3
additional explanatory remarks 12.5%
lexical specification 9.5%
distributing the meaning of one ST unit over several units in the TT 9.5%
additional explanatory remarks 9.5%
inserting discourse-organising items 9.5%
adding modifiers and quantifiers 11.4%
 

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

In the target language text of Matador recorded after semester two, the most frequent explicitation shift was adding connectives, followed by adding modifiers and quantifiers, while replacing nominalizations with verb phrases ranked third. In the target language text recorded after semester three, adding connectives was the most frequent explicitation operation, followed by meaning specification, the third place was taken by adding modifiers and quantifiers and inserting hedges. After semester four, in the target language text rendered by Matador, the most frequent explicitation operation was inserting discourse-organizing items, followed by adding connectives, and meaning specification ranking third. See Table 12.7
 

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Table 12.7. Explicitation shifts in the target language texts of Matador
 
Semester 2
Semester 3
Semester 4
1
adding connectives 34.1%
adding connectives 38.2%
inserting discourse-organizing items 23.8%
2
adding modifiers and quantifiers 20.24%
meaning specification 11.8%
adding connectives 16.7%
3
replacing nominalizations with verb phrases 13.6%
adding modifiers and quantifiers 8.8%
inserting hedges 8.8 %
meaning specification 11.9 %
 

Jegyzet elhelyezéséhez, kérjük, lépj be.!

In the target language texts of Senorita, a slightly different pattern of explicitation operations emerges. In the target language text recorded after semester two, adding connectives and replacing nominalizations with verb phrases were the most frequent operations, followed by filling out elliptical structures and inserting hedges. Lexical specification ranked third. In her target language text recorded after semester three, adding connectives was followed by the operation categorical shift of cohesive devices, while adding modifiers and quantifiers ranked third. In the target language text recorded after semester four, the two operation categories of meaning specification and inserting discourse-organising items were the most frequent, followed by the category of shift from referential to lexical cohesion. See Table 12.8.
 

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Table 12.8 Explicitation shifts in the target language texts of Senorita
 
Semester 2
Semester 3
Semester 4
1
adding connectives 19.4%
replacing nominalizations with verb phrases 19.4%
adding connectives 36%
meaning specification 16%
inserting discourse-organizing items 16%
2
filling out elliptical structures 13.8%
inserting hedges 13.8%
categorical shift of cohesive devices 20%
shift from referential to lexical cohesion 12%
3
lexical specification 11.1%
adding modifiers and quantifiers 16%
 
 
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