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Judit Muráth (szerk.)

Hungarian Lexicography III

LSP Lexicography

2. A comprehensive dictionary of agriculture

 
Günther Haensch–Gisela Haberkamp de Antón (eds): Hatnyelvű mezőgazdasági szótár (német–angol–francia–spanyol–magyar–orosz) [Six-language Dictionary of Agriculture, German–English–French– Spanish–Hungarian–Russian] Mezőgazda Kiadó, Budapest, 1997, 1400 p.
 
Original title: Wörterbuch der Landwirtschaft: BLV Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, München, 1996. Translated into Hungarian by: Miklós Cs. Nagy and Petrikás Árpádné.
This six-language dictionary has served as a high-quality example for dictionary editing in Hungary and as an indispensable source for experts of agriculture. The latest available version is the sixth, corrected edition. The sewn hardback volume is of B/5 format; it is thick yet easy to handle. It contains 12,088 entries, structured on the basis of content. “Six-Language Dictionary of Agriculture” deals with the following subjects: the basics of food industry and agriculture; research and education, information; administration and legislation; the economy and social science of agriculture; the processing of agricultural products; pedology; general biology; genetics; crop production; grassland management; horticulture; viticulture and oenology; livestock farming; agricultural structures; agricultural machinery; ecological farming.
Traditional bilingual dictionaries with entries organized into an alphabetic order have difficulties keeping space with the continuous changes of scientific and specialist language. In addition, the expressions or collocations – characteristic elements of specialist languages aspiring after precision of verbalization – are difficult to find in alphabetical dictionaries. Organized terminology requires a thematic and hierarchy-based structure; a practical form of this is a structure that is based on and reflects logical relations. The thesaurus structure enables experts to re-consider the notions and names referring to each other collectively within the system of the specific field. Consequently, it is easier for the compilers of such translated dictionaries to avoid inconsistencies or word-by-word translation of foreign items and simpler to find further technical terms. Unfortunately, the dictionary series published by Mezőgazda Kiadó did not follow the thesaurus form although it would have been a useful solution in terms of scientific quality and professionalism, as well as with regard to upgradeability.
The short introduction, the list of abbreviations and the detailed classification by content are available in all the six languages. The dictionary also contains an alphabetical index broken down by languages (Hungarian, English, German, French, Russian, Italian, Spanish) and a Latin index to advance fast search. The use of abbreviations does not fall in line with professional conventions in all respects. After the Latin name of the genus, the taxon name “ssp.” is used incorrectly (see for example entries 8599 and 8600 on page 590, entries 8606 and 8617 on page 592, and entry 8671 on page 596), as “ssp.” is the abbreviation for “subspecies”. In all such cases, the taxon name “spp.” would be the correct element (to denote the plural of “species”). For example:
p. 596:
8616
Eiche f, Quercus ssp.
8679
Weide f, Salix ssp.
Correctly:
8616
Eiche f, Quercus spp.
8679
Weide f, Salix spp.
In certain cases, the spelling of the Latin technical terms is incorrect:
p. 564:
8243
Zuckerhirse f, Sorghum vulgare var. Saccharetum
Correctly:
8243
Zuckerhirse f, Sorghum vulgare var. saccharatum
p. 578:
 
8439
Malve f, Wilde, Malva silvestris
Description of the mistake: The original term was spelled with “i” (silvestris); however, the international agreements on the spelling of plant names have spelled the name with “y” (sylvestris) for a long time now.
Correctly:
8439
Malve f, Wilde, Malva sylvestris
 
With regard to terminology, the Hungarian section contains some mistakes. For example:
Incorrect usage of technical terms: pp. 340–341:
4926 Abart
válfaj; változat; variáció
Description of the mistake: The Hungarian term “válfaj“ is not used in the field of biology; the term “variáció“ is not used in this sense, either.
Correctly:
4926 Abart
változat, varietas
 
Word-by-word translation: p. 370:
5494 Pflanzensoziologie
növényszociológia
Description of the mistake: The Hungarian term “növényszociológia“ is the word-by-word rendering of the original foreign language concept. A proper Hungarian solution would be növénytársulástan, a term which conveys the meaning of the word as correctly as possible.
Correctly:
5494 Pflanzensoziologie
növénytársulástan, növényszociológia
 
Incorrect spelling: p. 1297, entry 6724 (The same mistake appears on page 449, in entry 6724):
szárbaszökés
Description of the mistake: the form contradicts the rules of spelling of expressions of multiple elements defined by AkH.
Correctly:
szárba szökés
 
Incorrect spelling of a Hungarian plant name: p. 576:
8416 Hornstrauch…
veresgyűrű som
Description of the mistake: In Helyesírás published by Osiris Kiadó (Laczkó–Mártonfi 2006) and in Priszter’s work Növényneveink (Priszter 1998) the term “veresgyűrűsom” is spelled in harmony with the Hungarian rules of spelling, that is, as a single word. (Új Magyar füvészkönyv [by KIRÁLY Et Al. 2011], to avoid ambiguities, inserts a hyphen: “vörösgyűrű-som”.)
Correctly:
8416 Hornstrauch…
veresgyűrűsom
 
Incorrect Hungarian term: p. 617:
8964 Cultivar
nemesített növényforma; kultivár
Description of the mistake: Albeit the word “cultivar” does mean “nemesített növény” (“bred plant”) or “növényforma” (“bred plant form”), in terms of the register of specialist language usage it is rather ambiguous and unusual to use the word “nemesített növényforma” instead of “fajta”. In addition, the dictionary does not establish a link between the Hungarian words “kultivár” and “fajta”, the latter being discussed in a separate article. 5106 (variety, strain), 5091 (race, breed, strain), 9749 (same).
Correctly:
8964 Cultivar
fajta
 
 
Hungarian Lexicography III

Tartalomjegyzék

Kiadó: Akadémiai Kiadó

Online megjelenés éve: 2021

ISBN: 978 963 454 696 2

Nyelvészet

The present volume introduces us in the history of Hungarian mono-, bi-, and multilingual LSP lexicography, its theoretical evolution, outlines its broader and narrower fields of research and the tasks ahead. Moreover, the studies have undertaken to investigate and give an account of the history of lexicography covering various special fields and providing a critical analysis of the dictionaries involved. Last but not least, the new technology extending the concept of LSP lexicography is presented.

A kötet bevezet bennünket a magyar egy-, két- és többnyelvű szaklexikográfia történetébe, elméletének kibontakozásába, vázolja szűkebb és tágabb kutatási területeit és megvalósítandó feladatait. A tanulmányok ezen túlmenően felvállalták néhány kiemelt szakterület szótártörténetének kikutatását, bemutatását, a felkutatott szótárak kritikai elemzését, de sor kerül az új technológia bemutatására és ezáltal a szaklexikográfia fogalmának kitágítására is.

Hivatkozás: https://mersz.hu/murath-hungarian-lexicography-3//

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