Judit Muráth (szerk.)

Hungarian Lexicography III

LSP Lexicography


5.2. Adrian Grozavu–Ludovic Stefan Kocsis (coordinators): A környezet- és földtudományok többnyelvű multimédia szótára CD-vel [ENVEARTHONARY Environment and Earth Sciences Multilingual Multimedia Dictionary with CD]. Armagh, United Kingdom / Azimuth Kiadó, Hódmezővásárhely / SZTE MFK, 2005, 602 p.

The dictionary contains approximately 3,300 entries, phrases and acronyms in eleven languages (English, Finnish, French, Greek, German [with information on Austrian usage], Hungarian, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish and Slovakian). The cover of this sewn paperback volume is coated with plastic film. The page numbers and the relevant headwords are indicated at the top, in the middle, and on the upper margin, respectively. The principles of spelling, grammar, etc. applied are not referred to in the Preface. The abbreviations denote the language and 11 major areas of specialization; the legend can be found at the beginning of the volume. The content is illustrated with figures and photos. The volume does not have appendixes or a bibliography.
The dictionary was prepared within the framework of the Leonardo da Vinci Programme of the European Commission, with the contribution of an international working group. In contrast to the dictionaries discussed above, this volume defines its primary objective (education) and gives the names of those experts who worked out the definitions of the individual areas of specialization. The Preface states that these definitions are, among others, the results of an international dialogue between experts. Despite the professional and thematic approach, the entries are in alphabetical order. An editing-related mistake is that phrases which contain more than one word are arranged in alphabetical order, on the basis of the first letter, with the definite article taken into account. This has a strong detrimental effect on usability. Obviously, the main language of the Hungarian edition is Hungarian; the definitions are given in Hungarian. After the definition, the foreign language equivalents of the expression are continuously typeset. No grammatical information is given. The section entitled “Index” contains the foreign language glossaries. These lists consist of the foreign language equivalents and the serial numbers referred to in the Hungarian glossary. The CD-ROM contains the pronunciation of the expressions in audio files. The electronic version contains the definitions in all languages of the dictionary.
The volume also contains the names of and vocabulary related to international organizations and projects. Although the CD format makes the upgrading of data and terms possible, no related information is given in the Preface. Technical collocations and phrases are indicated in separate entries. The volumes do not contain example sentences.
As the Preface points out, the editors of the dictionary did not have enough time for their work; it is probably due to this fact that there are numerous professional errors and spelling mistakes. Some examples:
 
Professional error:
anabaena/kékalga
Description of the mistake: Anabaena is the Latin name of a genus; therefore, it needs to be written with a capitalized first letter. Experts have not used “kékalga” (“blue alga”) for decades now since it became evident that the organisms the term referred to are more closely related to bacteria than to algae. For this reason, the Hungarian “cianobaktérium” and the English “cyanobacterium” are used for denoting these organisms.
Correctly:
Anabaena (cianobaktérium)
 
Terminology-related mistake:
A Biológiai Sokszínűség Szabálya
Convention on Biological Diversity
Description of the mistake: “Convention” does not mean “szabály” (“rule”). The expression refers to the Convention on Biological Diversity opened for signature in Rio in 1992; its official Hungarian translation is “egyezmény a biológiai sokféleségről”. The word “convention” cannot be translated as “szabály”; similarly, “sokféleség” does not equal to “sokszínűség”.
Correctly:
egyezmény a biológiai sokféleségről
Convention on Biological Diversity
and
biodiverzitás-egyezmény
biodiversity convention
and
riói biodiverzitás-egyezmény
Rio biodiversity convention
 
Missing Hungarian term:
allogámia
Description of the mistake: It is rather strange if a dictionary of Hungarian and foreign language terms contains the word “allogámia” as a Hungarian entry while ignores “idegenmegporzás” (the Hungarian equivalent).
Correctly:
megporzás
idegen~
 
Translation-related mistake:
agráripari komplexum
E: agribusiness
D: Agrarindustrie
Description of the mistake: The Hungarian, English and German expression denote different concepts. An adequate translation of “agribusiness” and “Agrarindustrie” could be “agrobiznisz” and “agráripar”, respectively.
Correctly:
agráripari komplexum
E: agro-industrial complex
D: Agrarindustrieller Komplex
or
agrobiznisz
E: agribusiness
D: Agribusiness
or
agráripar
E: agricultural industry
D: Agrarindustrie
 
Mistakes related to the proper usage of the Hungarian language:
a használható legalacsonyabb
a legjobb környezetvédelmi megoldás
a legjobb kezelési gyakorlat
a legjobb megvalósítási eszközök
a legjobb megvalósítható környezetvédelmi megoldás
a talaj sótartalmának kritikus mélysége
az észzszerűen használható legalacsonyabb
az észszerűen megvalósítható legalacsonyabb
az elérhető legjobb gazdaságos technológia
az elérhető legjobb költséghatékony
Description of the mistake: Some of the above expressions (such as “használható legalacsonyabb”, “észszerűen használható legalacsonyabb”, “észszerűen megvalósítható legalacsonyabb”) are not applicable in Hungarian. It is incorrect to use the expressions “legjobb gazdaságos” (“best economical”) and “legjobb költséghatékony” (“best cost-efficient”) instead of “leggazdaságosabb” (“most economical”) and “legköltséghatékonyabb” (“most cost-efficient”). Most probably, the Hungarian phrases are incorrect translations of foreign language expressions.
 
Inconsistency related to Hungarian spelling:
agyag vándorlás
clay migration
agyagvándorlás
lessivage
Description of the mistake: The word “agyagvándorlás” is spelled as one word. The dictionary contains this entry in two forms – spelled as one word and as two words –, with two different English equivalents. This is unacceptable. “Lessivage” is a word of French origin, used in English as well.
Correctly:
agyagvándorlás
clay migration, lessivage
 
Mistake related to Hungarian spelling:
rovarölőszer
Description of the mistake: The expression “rovarölő szer” is spelled as two words.
Correctly:
rovarölő szer
 
ragadozó lánc
Description of the mistake: According to Hungarian spelling rules, if this expression is spelled as two words, it denotes a structure with an adjective and a noun, which, in this case refers to a non-existing concept. However, in this case the two parts of the phrase are nouns (the first being in an unmarked genitive case), so the phrase is spelled as one word.
Correctly:
ragadozólánc
 

Hungarian Lexicography III

Tartalomjegyzék


Kiadó: Akadémiai Kiadó

Online megjelenés éve: 2021

ISBN: 978 963 454 696 2

The present volume introduces us in the history of Hungarian mono-, bi-, and multilingual LSP lexicography, its theoretical evolution, outlines its broader and narrower fields of research and the tasks ahead. Moreover, the studies have undertaken to investigate and give an account of the history of lexicography covering various special fields and providing a critical analysis of the dictionaries involved. Last but not least, the new technology extending the concept of LSP lexicography is presented.

A kötet bevezet bennünket a magyar egy-, két- és többnyelvű szaklexikográfia történetébe, elméletének kibontakozásába, vázolja szűkebb és tágabb kutatási területeit és megvalósítandó feladatait. A tanulmányok ezen túlmenően felvállalták néhány kiemelt szakterület szótártörténetének kikutatását, bemutatását, a felkutatott szótárak kritikai elemzését, de sor kerül az új technológia bemutatására és ezáltal a szaklexikográfia fogalmának kitágítására is.

Hivatkozás: https://mersz.hu/murath-hungarian-lexicography-3//

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