The direct result of full-scale Russian aggression against Ukraine in 2022 was a massive influx of Ukrainian people into European Union countries. In Poland—a country bordering Ukraine —a year after the attack, almost 1 million Ukrainian citizens enjoyed temporary protection, of whom about 87% were women and children (Office for Foreigners, 2023).1 In the early days of the conflict, the Ukrainian–Polish border was crossed by up to 95,000 people a day (March 2, 2022), and from February 24, 2022 to March 3, 2022, Border Guard officers allowed 575,100 people fleeing the war to enter Poland (Ministry of the Interior and Administration, 2022). In the capital city of Warsaw alone, up to 40,000 people a day applied for help (City of Warsaw, 2023). The refugees required immediate assistance in almost every aspect of life (including food, legalization of their stay, transportation). The sheer number of arrivals, the need for immediate action, the inability to prepare in advance (including a regulatory deficit), as well as unfavorable winter conditions, generated problems that required quick and adequate solutions. The legislator’s response to these challenges was the enactment of the Act of March 12, 2022 on assistance to Ukrainian citizens in connection with the armed conflict on the territory of that country (hereinafter: “Special Act”), which sets out assistance to Ukrainian citizens “seeking shelter”2 on the territory of the Republic of Poland. One of the areas regulated in the Special Act was the issue of accommodation assistance. Indeed, the urgent need was to provide each person with a place to stay, with adequate sanitary facilities, protection from the weather, and a sense of security. For some people, it was sufficient to arrange temporary shelter for a few days. However, a large group, especially children, women, the elderly and the sick, required long-term assistance. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that in the two years since the outbreak of the war, the circumstances and needs of the refugees changed, resulting in changes in the Special Act. This chapter focuses on the legal solutions for providing accommodation for refugees. To this end, the following sections of the paper outline preparations for the reception of refugees, state-organized assistance, state support for those providing accommodation for refugees and other forms of assistance.